Construction of electromagnets.



.No. 896,886. PATENTED AUG. 25, 1908. A. F. BERRY.

CONSTRUCTION OF ELEOTROMAGNETS.

APPLIOATION FILED JANIQL 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1 PATENTED AUG. 25; 1908.

A. r. BERRY. CONSTRUCTION OF ELEGTROMAGN ETS.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21, 1907.

' Nb. 896,886. PATENTED AUG. 25, 1908. A. P, BERRY. CONSTRUCTION OF ELEOTROMAGNETS/ PPLIOATION FILED JAN. 21 1907. A I 3SHEETS-SHEET 3. I

sinrs An'rnon FRANCIS BERRY, or EA'LING, ENGLAND.

CONSTR'UGTION OF 'EI IECTROMAGNETS.

No. 896,886. I

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Ann ro.

Patented Au 25, 1908.

Application filed January 21, 1907. semi No. 353,292.

To all whom it mil/1,: concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR FRANCIS of the pot type designed for use with a.lter

noting electric currents, and by which is mean t an electro-i n egnet having its energizing coil or each coil surroumledon its inner and outer peripherel surfaces and. one. end by the magnetic eircuit, endithns for its main object, ninong'ethors, to enable the core of such niegnets to be laminated in it very eilicient' manner s to avoid waste of electric energy therem'nnd so to render the magnet very sensitive and quiclrin action. Accord lng thereto, the core ol" a. pot electro-inagnet comprising inner end outer parts arranged,

coneentricnllyone within the other, so as to leave an annular space betwecntheni for the reception of the winding oi the rlectro-mngnet, and magnetically connected together at one'pnrt, is,'eccording tothis invention, built up of at number 'of iron phitos that are of sector shepens seen in plan, or in 21 section olthe core at right angles to the axis thereof,

' and are firmly secured around a. central support The inner and outer ports ofeech.

plate. are either connected together at one end, so as to form asingle approximately shaped plate designed to receive a single Winding for single acting electro-niegn'et, or they are connected together at an intermediate port of their length so as to form on alpproxiinetely g g shaped plete designed to receive two windings to form n double ecting pot electro-megnetlike the doubleecting electro-insgnetic devices described for exam plein the specification of former Letters 1321b ,ent No. 800,538 of 1905, granted to me.

The armature, or each armature, for on electro-inegnet having a laminated core according to this invention. may also be built up ofsimilnr sector shaped iron plates that 'are firinly .seeured to e dish or holder.

Each sectorshepe'd plete for the magnet core, and also each sector shaped plate for the armature, or each ern eturc, may, in

.' some cases, be made of one compinetively thin piece of suitably shaped iron. In many cases however, in order to obtain tlie best .results, each sector shaped plate may be made as a compound laminated plate composedof a group of thin sheet iron stnrnpings or .laininm of difi'ere'nt radial widths and of the required shape to form the required compound plate.- f

' In the accompanying illustrative drewings, Figure 1 shows in vertical section, and Fig. 2 in plan, a double acting electro-megnet the core of'wliich is'built up of compound laminated plates. ,Fig. 3 is a. plain of the core alone, showing the sector shaped plates of which it is composed' Fig. 3 is a front view of a holder for such eleetron ngnet. Fig. 3 shows a. single sector sheped plate. Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are detail views of stempings for forming single compound laminated plate. Fig.9 is-a. verticelsection, Fig. ll) e'plen or top view, and Fig. 11 an underside view, showing a. lam nated armeture constructed according to this invention,

parts being removed in. Fig. 111 Figs. 12,

13 14 and l521 re detail views of stain in s v for forming one (if the compound sector shaped laminated. plates for such armature.

' Referring to Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive, (L and b are the inner and outer parts of the linnineted pot shaped magnet core arranged concentrically one within theother and eonnected' together at a so as to form. the annular spaces (1 and e for the magnet windings f nndf the said core being formedof a nuinber of iron plates that are of sector shape ns'seen in plan (Fig. 3), and ere. secured around a central tubular support g. I 'In this construction of double acting electro-inegnet, each sector shape plate a, b, c for the magnet core may be compound. or laminated end-composed, of five steinpings, hereinafter called for distinction. A, B, (l, 1),.E. Stamping A, which isthe widest, com-prises (see .llig. 4) inner and outer longitudinal members a. and b joined together by an intermediate transverse member c; Bstainping (Fig. 5) is of similar shepe to A but the inner member a is of less radial width than that of A; (2 (Fig. 6) comprises the outerlongitudinnl member I) with the transverse member 0 only; D (Fig. 7)' is similar to but the transverse member c is of less redial width than that of (I; and E (Fig. 8) consists of n. single outer longitudinal member I). Eech of the sta-ii'ipings B,

(3, l) and E may he cut down "from it stamp all the A .stampings may be suitably formed, as for example with notches h, or it may be with projections, to admit of their fitting correspondingly formed' collars i, or it may be annular recesses, in the central supporting tube g, which may be of brass, around which the compound plates are built up, the several stampings being assembled successively in the order A to E with the outer edges in a common circumferential line. The outer edges of all the stampings may be notched, as shown at 7c, to receive suitablebinding means to hold the compound plates firmly in osition around. the central sup ort g. The liinding means may convenient y consist-of w ire m, for example steel Wire, wound around but insulated, asby material 11, from the compound plates and having its convolutions afterwards soldered together. The ends of the longitudinal members a and i) of the plates may, advantageouslv, as shown, he of truncated wedge shape so as to form oppositely beveled faces 0 and a on. the inner and outer portions o and b oi the core at each end thereof.

A laminated core built up as described may, as shown, conveniently be held in a all) tubular holder (1 of non-magnetic metal, for example gun metal, provided at oneside with lugs 1* or equivalent means to admit of its being secured, as by bolts or screws, to a support, and slit at the opposite side at q and provided with perforated lugs s for the reception of one or more bolts t to admit of its being firmly clamped around. the. core.

The tubular holder q may he providcdx 'ith additional lugs u arranged at right augles"to the others, and provided Wll h screw threaded holcs v ior the reception of rods, pillars or other attachments. The holder (1 may be insulated. from the magnet core, for example by varnish or enamel. The two windings] andf for the clectro-maguct are, as hcrcinbefore stated, arranged i i the two annular spaccs (Z and c l'ormcd in the core by thc con struction described, at each side of the central transverse division formed by the transverse members c of the stampiugs. 'luhcs 'w of insulating material, for example of vulcaniz zcd fiber, are or may be placed between each winding; and the core.

A single acting olectro-nmgnct may he coustructcd as described by su ppressinp the portions of the inner and outer longitudinal members aand I) of the stampings at one side of the transverse members c.

The armature, or cach armature, tor the elcetrouuagnet. above described, comprises, according; to the example illustrated in Figs. 9 to 15 inclusive, :1 number of compound plates 1' each built up ol' iivc stampings, hereinalter called for distinction .X', ll, l. i), l Stampiugs 1, ll (Fig. 1;) which are of the same radial leugt h, are cach formed at one edge with a dovetail shaped prop-cs- 1 amass tion 6 and at the opposite edge, near the ends thereof, with inner and outer pro ectrons 7 and 8 respectively, the edges 7, 8

of the t'ivoprojections that are nearest to each otherbeing beveled in opposite direc-' tions to approximately the some shape and dimensions the oppositely beveled ends 0 and p of the magnet core opposite which the armature is to work, the other edges of the we rejections 7- and 8 being parallel to one arrotner. Stampings C D and E are, see Figs. l3, l4 and 15 respectively, similar to stampings A and B except that they are without the inner projections 7 and are of dil'lere'nt radial length.

Each of the stanu'iings C D and E may be cut down from. an A or a B stamping. The several starnpinos are assembled upon a (lislidilrc holder i oi him-magnetic metal, for example nonmetal, that is formed with annular groove ll oi dovetail or equivalent section to receive the corrcspondingly formed projections 5- on the stanrpings, and with one or more radial saw-cuts 1. to admit of the insertion of the said projections in the groove, the several stamping, being worked round to their "proper oosilions in the holder. The holder 9 is termed with a central boss 12 having an annular collar or projection 13 to take into correapozulior: notches i4- formed in thc al rent edges oi thrinucr projections on the stampings A and B so as to hold the inner curls oi" these staiirpings in place. The outer ends of the stampings are held in place by a nut 15 crca'ml onto the dish 5) and haviugan or, 2 ivextcuding llungc 5" at one cud to con urportions ride the outer projections 8. The

(Fi il mil.

h j i ,1 outer co. or the staiuplng s should be insulatcd, as for examplc by varnish or enamel,

to prevent their htlllg short circuited. The holder it with siampiugs is iixcd to a tube or rod 2o designed to work ondwise through the central tube g in thc maguct core (i igi. l, and ii).

'lho armature, or catch armature, construclcd as dcscrlbcd, may be suitably adapted lor ihc :itluchu'wnt thcrcto of any dcsircd :lcvicc. ho? example, the non-magnclic rilsli-lilic holdcr h forming, part of the 'urc or cap for a vertical electrouppcr armar unurucl, u c he provzdcd on its upper ule with live upwardly cxtcnding linngel? adapted to hold a stool blade or other iii-vice bctwccn them. 'lhcsc honors, in the exemple shown, are lormcd on plates 17 that scrvc to hold together the two concentric parts ol lhc holdcr l; bctwccu which the anuular groove it) is formed. The bottom arinalurc may be similar to the upper ne but bc provided with lugs for lhc allnchmmt of springs and with a boss ior an insulator.

.\s will be obvious lludcluils ol' couslruw lion can he 'arionsly uiodilicd without dcpurtiug' from thc csscnlial i'culurea of the in .r of the stamping I vention. Thus it is preferred to arrange the compound plates of the core of the electromagnet'and of each armature slightly tangentially to the axis thereof in such manner that the edges of the laminae of each armature shall extend at a small angle across-the edgeslof the laminae of the core so that they shall not enter one between the other when thearmature is attracted. Also, it is to be understood that the several plates when not built'up of stampings, may be rolled or cast to the required sector shape, in which case the outer edge-of greater width, if consider too wlde,.may, as shown in Fig. 3*, be light I cued by forming-a wedge shaped groove 1) therein, which groove will have a further lam nating e'llect.

Electro-magnets, and armatures therefor,

constructed as described, are specially adapt. .cdfor. use in the construction of electromagnetic switch actuating devices of the I 'kind .de'scribed for example in the specification of a former Letters Patent No. 310378 dated. 6 April 1906., as, owing to the ell'ective lamination of tl1e-magnet cores and armatures, such devices are rendered very sensitive and rapidin operation, and magnetizing losses are reduced to a very small amount.

What I claim is: f 1. Alaminatedeleetro-magnet comprising an energizing winding and a magnetic circuit built up of plates having axially parallel limbs connected together to embrace the inner and'outer peripheral surfaces and inner end of the winding and to permit the latter to beinserted in position and removed axially, the inner and outer limbs andronneeting member of each. plate being of a general sector ihape as seen in plan or cross section.

2. laminated elcctro-In'agnet comprising an energizing win dinganda magnetic circuit built up of plates arranged around the axis of the magnet and having axially parallel limbs connected together to embrace the'inner and outer peripheral surfaces and inner end of the winding, each of said platesbeing of a general sector shape as seen in plan or cross section and composed of stampings of different- .widths 3. A laminated e'lectro-magnet comprising an energizing winding and amagnetic circuit built up of plates of seetor'shape in cross see- I tion arranged around the axis of said magnet and each comprising agroup of stampingsof different widths some of which have axially parallel limbs and others single limbs adapted to be arranged in a circumferential line with the outermost limbs of the first named stampings.

4. A laminated electro-magnet having a circuit comprising a plurality of groups of laminae arranged around the axis of the magnet, the several members of a group being of different radial lengths, the widest member having aptiallyparallel free ended limbs and ceases r'ier.

the narrowest member a single free ended limb arranged in a circumferential line with the outer limb of the widest member and with the outer limbs of intervening members.

5. A laminated lectro-magnet having a circuit comprising a plurality of groups of laminae arranged around the axis of the magnet, the several members of a group being of dilierent radial lengths progressing successively from the Widest-to the narrowest, the widest member having axially parallel free ended limbs and the narrowest member a single free ended limb arranged in a circum- 7. A laminated electro-magnet having a circuit comprising a'plurality of groups of laminae arranged around the axis ofthe magnet, the several members of each group of which are of different-radial lengths, and a central tubular carrier having means for supporting the widest member of each grou 8. An electro-magnet having a corew ich is built up of a plurality of radially arranged plates having axially parallel free ended limbs, and a central carrier whereon said plates are supported independcntlyof the energizing winding.

9. An electre-magnet comprising a core built up of groups of stampings of various Widths and a central carrier around the axis of which said groups of stampings. are arranged, the widest of the members of each group of stampings having axially parallel free ended. limbs the innermost of which limbs are supported by said central carrier and the outermost limbs bein clamped'to gether in conjunction with t e innermost limbs ofthe narrower members so that the magnetizingwinding can be inserted and removed without affecting the core. f 10. An electro magnet having a cor which is built up of substantially radially arranged groups of'stampings of various widths, v.

and a central carrier, the widest of the members of each group of stampings' having axiallyparallel free ended limbs the innermost of which limbs are supported by said central carrier and the. outermost limbs being clamped together in conjunction with the outermost limbs of the narrower members so that the magnetizing winding can be in .llf'An. electro-magnet having a core serted and removed without affecting the which is built up of a plurality of stam ings oi (.liii'erent width having axially paralle free ended limbs and a plurality of stampings of MllilOTQIlt width having, single free ended limbs, the letter limbs being arranged in a circumferential line with the outermost limbs of the iirst named stampings to form inner and outer portions which are concentric with one another, and means for supporting such stampings so that the magnetizing winding can be inserted in and removed from the intervening siace without aiiecting the core.

12. An electro-niagnet having a movable disk shaped armature built up of plates oi magnetic material of sector shape as seen in a plan or cross section of the armature.

13. An electro-magnctof the pot type having a movable. disk shaped armature built up of groups of stampings of various widths arranged substantially radially and forming inner and outer portions that are concentric with one another and with a central cylindrical passage.

14. An electro-magnet of the pot type having a movable disk shaped armature built up of groups of stainpings of various widths arranged substantially radially and forming inner and outer connected portions that are concentric with one another.

15. In an electro-magMt of the pot type, a magnetic circuit comprising a plurality of groups of iron stampings of various widths, those of full width being formed with axially parallel free ended limbs both notched to respectivcly lit a central supporting device and receive a clamping wire, and the remainder or narrower stampings being notched at the outer edges alone to receive the clamping wire.

16. An elcctro-magnet core comprising, in combination, a plurality of radially arranged plates, a central support therefor, an annularrecess in the several plates, which are axi ally open ended, an exciting winding in said recess, means for clamping the plates together cxteriorly independently of the wind- 1 ing, and a divided adjustable holder embra ing the complete core.

17. A laminated eloctro-inagnet comprising, in combination, groups stamnings of diii'erent widths having axially )arallel free ended lini is, notches in the inner limbs of such stanrg iings as are of full width, a central support having collars fitting in said notches, and means for securing the outer ed es of all the stampings.

circuit,

.- 18. Aunninated electrconagnet core, coinprising, in combination, groups of iron stain" ings of different widths having axially para-l cl tree ended. limbs, notches in the inner .imbs of such stampings as are of full Width, a central support having collars fitting in the said notches, notches inthe outer edgcsof all the stanipings, clamping means for insertion in the latter notches, and a divided adjustable tubular holder embracing the core.

19. An armature for an electro-magnet of the pot type comprisin in combination, a plurality of substantially radially arranged plates and a disk holder for said plates.

20. Anelectro-magnet .rmature,-comprising, in combination, roups of iron stampings of dili'erent widt is arranged substantially radially with respect to one another, such stampings as are of .t'ull Width having notches in their inner edges and all the stainpings having undercut projections near their outer ends. a disk holder having it central boss and annular collar fitting in notches in said stain pings, an annular recess in its face shaped to correspond with and receive said projections, and a passage by which the said projections can e engaged for securing the several stampings in place.

day of January 1907.

ARTHUR FRANCIS BERRY. Witnesses:

H. D. Jameson, F. L. Ramos.

of iron Signed at London England this eleventh.

with the annular recess and a lockin rin 

